American double-zero roulette layout - William Ellis - Bauman Rare Books

American double-zero roulette layout

William ELLIS

Item#: 82686 We're sorry, this item has been sold

American double-zero roulette layout

“THE DEVIL’S GAME”: ANTIQUE AMERICAN ROULETTE LAYOUT

ELLIS, William, manufacturer. American double-zero roulette layout. Providence, Rhode Island: circa 1890. Original gilt-lettered American roulette table layout, framed (piece measures 31 by 53 inches).

Original 19th-century American Roulette layout for the game that has “mesmerized generations of gamblers, arguably coming to embody the glamour, excitement and occasional misery of the casino better than any other game” (Glyn Thomas).

The 17th-century origin of the roulette wheel is attributed to Blaise Pascal, whose “attempts to create a perpetual motion machine [led to] the roulette machine, a by-product of these experiments” (MIT). The game itself derives from the early English wheel games Roly-Poly, Reiner, Ace of Hearts, and E-O, together with the Italian board games Hoca and Biribi. The cloth covering on a roulette table is called the “layout.” There are two betting areas: the inside area contains three columns of individual numbers (1-36); the outside area has betting boxes for each of the three columns, red or black, odd or even, and two groups of numbers (1-18 and 19-36). House slots, 0 or 00, appear at the top of the columns. The European style layout designates the house slot as a single 0; the American style is usually double 0s. The layout offered here has both sets of zeros— doubling the house odds. The modern-day layout dates back to 1843, when François and Luis Blanc opened the first casinos in Hamburg, Germany (legend has it that the Blancs traded their souls to the Devil in exchange for the secret of roulette).

Fine condition.

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Aquatint Copperplate process by which the plate is “bitten” by exposure to acid. By changing the areas of the plate that are exposed and the length of time the plate is submerged in the acid bath, the engraver can obtain fine and varying shades of gray that closely resemble watercolor washes. Although the name contains the word “tint”, this is a black-and-white printing process; aquatint plates can often be hand colored, however.
Armorial Used to describe a binding bearing the coat of arms of the original owner, or with bookplates incorporating the owner’s arms.
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Boards Hard front and rear covers of a bound book which are covered in cloth, leather or paper. “Original boards” refers to cardboard-like front and back boards, from about 1700 to 1840, used as temporary protection for books before their purchasers would have them bound. Of particular value to collectors as evidence of a very early form of the book.
Book-Plate Label, generally affixed to the front pastedown, identifying a book’s owner.
Broadside Sheet printed on one side, typically for public display, usually larger than folio size (a folio being a broadside-size sheet printed on both sides and folded once, to make four pages).
Calf Binding material made from cowhide—versatile, durable, usually tan or brown in color, of smooth texture with no or little apparent grain. Readily marbled (“tree calf”), mottled, diced, colored, polished, tooled in gilt or blind, even scented (known as “russia”). Reverse calf, with a distinctive suede-like texture, is occasionally used.
Chromolithograph Lithograph printed in colors, typically three or more.
Collation Process by which the contents of a book are inspected for completeness, checking against internal evidence, the table of contents and/or plate list, and reference works. Also a shorthand bibliographical description of a book’s composition by its leaves and signatures, rather than its pages. A-C, for example, would indicate a quarto volume composed of three signatures or gatherings of eight pages each for a total of 24 pages.
Colophon Printed note at the end of a text containing information about the printing of the book.
Doublure Pastedowns made not of paper but of leather, for decorative purposes.
Duodecimo (12MO) Smaller than an octavo, typically less than six inches tall; smaller formats, such as 24mo and 32mo, are uncommon.
Edition Print-run from a single setting of type without substantial change. Depending on demand, any number of printings can be made from a setting of type For example, a first printing might consist of 1000 copies, followed by a second printing of 2500 copies; in which case the book would have a first edition, first printing of 1000 copies, and a first edition, second printing of 2500 copies.
Endpapers Extra leaves—plain, colored or decorated—with which a bookbinder covers the insides of the book’s boards, therefore not part of the actual text block. The part of the leaf pasted to the inside of the front board is the front “pastedown,” while the other part of the leaf that forms the first page of the book is the “front free endpaper”; the same applies to the rear pastedown and rear free endpaper.
Engraving Illustration produced by carving lines into a metal plate. This is an intaglio process, in which ink is poured over the plate, then wiped from the surface, leaving ink only in the recesses made by the engraver’s tools. The image is then transferred by pressing thick dampened paper against the metal plate with great force—requiring engravings to be printed on a separate stock and separate press from any text.
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Flyleaves Additional blank leaves following or preceding the endpapers.
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Foxing Light brown spots that naturally appear on some papers due to oxidation as they age.
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Half Title Leaf preceding the title page that bears the book’s title, originally used to identify the unbound text block. The book’s binder would often remove and discard the half title at the time of binding. Remaining half-titles are therefore of interest to collectors.
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Incunable From the cradle of printing, i.e., any book printed before 1501.
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Japanese Vellum Expensive handmade paper often used in deluxe editions.
Lithograph Illustration produced by transferring an image drawn on a carefully prepared stone to paper. The process allowed illustrations to more closely resemble the original drawings, paintings or sketches, as it gave the lithographer a freedom of line impossible to achieve in earlier intaglio and relief processes. It does not require the same sort of pressure as an engraving to transfer the image, but still has to be printed on separate stock from the text
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